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基于过渡金属掺杂Pt3Ni正八面体的高效氧还原电催化
2016-1-7
  加州大学洛杉矶分校的段镶锋夫妇在最近一期science上发表了一篇名为“High-performance transition metal–doped Pt3Ni octahedra for oxygen reduction reaction”的研究论文,通讯作者为段镶锋的妻子黄宇教授。
  纳米结构的双金属Pt-Ni是电催化氧还原领域中的一个逐渐兴起的明星催化剂,但是它的实际应用受制于有限的催化活性和较差的持久性。段镶锋夫妇通过把表面掺杂过渡金属掺杂的Pt3Ni正八面体杂化到碳材料上,获得了一种高效的氧还原电催化剂。尤其是钼掺杂的样品,表现出了最好的催化活性,可以达到10.3 mA/cm2的specific activity和6.98 A/mgPt的mass activity,比商业的铂碳电极材料分别提高了81和73倍。
Bimetallic platinum-nickel (Pt-Ni) nanostructures represent an emerging class of electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells, but practical applications have been limited by catalytic activity and durability. We surface-doped Pt3Ni octahedra supported on carbon with transition metals, termed M‐Pt3Ni/C, where M is vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, molybdenum (Mo), tungsten, or rhenium. The Mo‐Pt3Ni/C showed the best ORR performance, with a specific activity of 10.3 mA/cm2 and mass activity of 6.98 A/mgPt, which are 81- and 73‐fold enhancements compared with the commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.127 mA/cm2 and 0.096 A/mgPt). Theoretical calculations suggest that Mo prefers subsurface positions near the particle edges in vacuum and surface vertex/edge sites in oxidizing conditions, where it enhances both the performance and the stability of the Pt3Ni catalyst.
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